-де

See also: Appendix:Variations of "de"

Kazakh

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *-de. Cognate with Kyrgyz -де (-de), Southern Altai -де (-de), Turkish -de.

Suffix

-де • (-de)

  1. in, on, at (Denotes locative case)
    көл (köl, a lake) + ‎-де (-de) → ‎көлге (kölge, to a lake)
  2. (with -ген (-gen)) when
    Мен келгенде сен жоқ едіңMen kelgende sen joq edıñWhen I arrived, you were not there.

Usage notes

This suffix has special endings -нда/-нде, when the third person possessive suffix is added

  • беті + -нде = бетінде (at his/her face)

See also

  • -сі (-sı, third-person possessive suffix)
  • -ні (-nı, accusative case)
  • -нің (-nıñ, genitive case)
  • -ге (-ge, dative case)
  • -ден (-den, ablative case)
  • -мен (-men, instrumental case)

Russian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [dʲe]

Particle

-де • (-de)

  1. (slang) Used to indicate a shift in the speaker