-YIZ
Navajo
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Athabaskan *ɣ̇əz (“to turn, to whirl”).
Root
-YIZ
- to turn
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ∅ | motion |
S slides (as a boulder) |
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| ná + ∅ | successive |
S turns around slowly
|
S turns O around slowly |
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| l | motion |
S rushes, stampedes (a crowd, a herd)
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| l | ? |
S wiggles, zigzags, jerks, dodges
|
S wiggles O
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S is startled
|
S startles O
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| ni + ∅ | adjectival |
S is cylindrical, tubular
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S gets —
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S makes O —
|
Note: cf. The pair níyiz / yiniłhis parallels the pair nímas / yiniłmas, but YM doesn't call the latter a Conclusive aspect?
Stem set
| Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOM | -yéés | -yiz | -yis | -yis | -yéés |
| CONT | -yiz | -yiz | -yis | -yis | -yiz |
| REP | -yiz | — | — | — | — |
| REV | -héés | -hiz | -his | -his | -héés |
| SEM | -his | -his | -his | -his | -his |
| CONCL | -yis | -yis | -yis | -yis | -yis |
| NEUT | — | -yiz | — | — | — |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
to slide:
to wiggle, to squirm:
to be nervous:
to rock, to sway:
to turn:
to twirl:
crowd or herd moves: