-tsema
Estonian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix
-tsema (da-infinitive -tseda)
- Forms frequentative verbs.
Inflection
Conjugation of -tsema (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -tsen | ei -tse | 1st sing. | olen -tsenud | ei ole -tsenud pole -tsenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -tsed | 2nd sing. | oled -tsenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -tseb | 3rd sing. | on -tsenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -tseme | 1st plur. | oleme -tsenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -tsete | 2nd plur. | olete -tsenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -tsevad | 3rd plur. | on -tsenud | ||||||
| impersonal | -tsetakse | ei -tseta | impersonal | on -tsetud | ei ole -tsetud pole -tsetud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -tsesin | ei -tsenud | 1st sing. | olin -tsenud | ei olnud -tsenud polnud -tsenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -tsesid | 2nd sing. | olid -tsenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -tses | 3rd sing. | oli -tsenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -tsesime | 1st plur. | olime -tsenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -tsesite | 2nd plur. | olite -tsenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -tsesid | 3rd plur. | oli -tsenud | ||||||
| impersonal | -tseti | ei -tsetud | impersonal | oli -tsetud | ei olnud -tsetud polnud -tsetud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -tseksin | ei -tseks | 1st sing. | -tsenuksin oleksin -tsenud |
ei -tsenuks ei oleks -tsenud poleks -tsenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -tseksid | 2nd sing. | -tsenuksid oleksid -tsenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -tseks | 3rd sing. | -tsenuks oleks -tsenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -tseksime | 1st plur. | -tsenuksime oleksime -tsenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -tseksite | 2nd plur. | -tsenuksite oleksite -tsenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -tseksid | 3rd plur. | -tsenuksid oleksid -tsenud | ||||||
| impersonal | -tsetaks | ei -tsetaks | impersonal | oleks -tsetud | ei oleks -tsetud poleks -tsetud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -tse | ära -tse | 2nd sing. | ole -tsenud | ära ole -tsenud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | -tsegu | ärgu -tsegu | 3rd sing. | olgu -tsenud | ärgu olgu -tsenud | ||||
| 1st plur. | -tsegem | ärme -tseme ärme -tse ärgem -tsegem |
1st plur. | olgem -tsenud | ärme oleme -tsenud ärme ole -tsenud ärgem olgem -tsenud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | -tsege | ärge -tsege | 2nd plur. | olge -tsenud | ärge olge -tsenud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | -tsegu | ärgu -tsegu | 3rd plur. | olgu -tsenud | ärgu olgu -tsenud | ||||
| impersonal | -tsetagu | ärgu -tsetagu | impersonal | olgu -tsetud | ärgu olgu -tsetud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | -tsevat | ei -tsevat | active | olevat -tsenud | ei olevat -tsenud polevat -tsenud | ||||
| passive | -tsetavat | ei -tsetavat | passive | olevat -tsetud | ei olevat -tsetud polevat -tsetud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | -tsema | -tsetama | nominative | -tseda | olla -tsenud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | -tsedes | olles -tsenud | |||||
| inessive | -tsemas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | -tsemast | present | -tsev | -tsetav | |||||
| translative | -tsemaks | past | -tsenud | -tsetud | |||||
| abessive | -tsemata | negative | -tsematu | — | |||||
Derived terms
Estonian terms suffixed with -tsema