Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/aNak

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Etymology

Compare Proto-Be *ləːkᴰ² (“child; offspring”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /alʲak/

Noun

*aNak

child (a female or male child, a daughter or son)

Descendants

Formosan (geographic)
- Saisiyat: 'al'alak (“young”)
- Siraya: alak
- Puyuma: alrak
- Paiwan: aljak
- Basay: wanake
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *anak
- Proto-Philippine: *anak
  - Batanic
    - Yami: anak
  - Northern Luzon
    - Ilocano: anák
    - Northern Cordilleran
      - Cagayan Valley
        Itawit: anák
      - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: anák
    - South-Central Cordilleran
      - Central Cordilleran
        Mayoyao Ifugao: anák
        Kankanaey: anák
      - South Cordilleran
        Pangasinan: anák
  - Central Luzon
    - Kapampangan: anák
  - Greater Central Philippine
    - Central Philippine
      - Tagalog: anák
      - Visayan
        Cebuano: anák
        Central Visayan
        Hiligaynon: anák
        Tausug: anak
      - Mansakan
        Mansaka: anák
    - Southern Mindoro
      - Hanunoo: ᜠᜨᜣ᜴ (anak)
    - Palawanic
      - Palawan Batak: anák
    - Danao
      - Maranao: anák
    - Manobo
      - Western Bukidnon Manobo: anák
  - Minahasan
    - Tontemboan: anák
- Barito
  - Sama-Bajaw
    - Bajaw
      - West Coast Bajau: anak
  - East Barito
    - Malagasy: ánaka
  - West Barito
    - Southwest Barito
      - Ngaju: anak
- North Bornean
  - North Sarawakan
    - Berawan-Kelabitic
      - Kelabitic
        Kelabit: anak
    - Kayan-Murik
      - Kenyah
        Bakung: anak
      - Modang-Kayan
        Kayan
        Baram Kayan: anak
    - Melanau-Bintulu
      - Bintulu: anak
      - Melanau
        Central Melanau: anak
  - Sabahan
    - Dusunic
      - Dusun
        Coastal Kadazan: anak
- Northwest Sumatran
  - Batak
    - Northern Batak
      - Dairi Batak: anak
      - Karo Batak: anak
    - Southern Batak
      - Toba Batak: anak
  - Gayo: anak
  - Nias: ono
- Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan: *anak
  - Proto-Malayo-Chamic: *anak
    - Proto-Chamic: *ʔana:k
      - Acehnese: aneuk
      - Coastal Chamic
        Cham
        Eastern Cham: anẽk
        Western Cham: anœk
    - Proto-Malayic: *anak
      - Banjarese: anak
      - Ibanic
        Iban: anak
      - Nuclear Malayic
        Malay: anak, kanak
        Indonesian: anak, kanak
  - Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa
    - Balinese: panak / anak
    - Sasak-Sumbawa
      - Sasak: anak / kanak
- Old Javanese: anak
  - Javanese: ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ (anak)
- South Sulawesi
  - Makasar: ana'
- Celebic
  - Saluan-Banggai
    - Balantak: anak
- Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *anak
  - Sumba-Flores
    - Manggarai: anak
    - Central Flores
      - Rembong: anak
  - Yamdena: anak

References

Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*aNak”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *aNak