Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸerkos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“speckled, coloured”).^[1]

Adjective

*ɸerkos

speckled

Inflection

O/ā-stem
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸerkos	*ɸerkou	*ɸerkoi
vocative	*ɸerke	*ɸerkou	*ɸerkoi
accusative	*ɸerkom	*ɸerkou	*ɸerkons
genitive	*ɸerkī	*ɸerkous	*ɸerkom
dative	*ɸerkūi	*ɸerkobom	*ɸerkobos
instrumental	*ɸerkū	*ɸerkobim	*ɸerkobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸerkā	*ɸerkai	*ɸerkās
vocative	*ɸerkā	*ɸerkai	*ɸerkās
accusative	*ɸerkam	*ɸerkai	*ɸerkans
genitive	*ɸerkās	*ɸerkous	*ɸerkom
dative	*ɸerkai	*ɸerkābom	*ɸerkābos
instrumental	*?	*ɸerkābim	*ɸerkābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸerkom	*ɸerkou	*ɸerkā
vocative	*ɸerkom	*ɸerkou	*ɸerkā
accusative	*ɸerkom	*ɸerkou	*ɸerkā
genitive	*ɸerkī	*ɸerkous	*ɸerkom
dative	*ɸerkūi	*ɸerkobom	*ɸerkobos
instrumental	*ɸerkū	*ɸerkobim	*ɸerkobis

Declension of the comparative
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸerkyūs	*?	*ɸerkyoses
vocative	*ɸerkyūs	*?	*ɸerkyoses
accusative	*ɸerkyosam	*?	*ɸerkyosans
genitive	*ɸerkisos	*?	*ɸerkisom
dative	*ɸerkisei	*?	*ɸerkisbos
instrumental	*ɸerkisī	*?	*ɸerkisbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸerkyūs	*?	*ɸerkyoses
vocative	*ɸerkyūs	*?	*ɸerkyoses
accusative	*ɸerkyosam	*?	*ɸerkyosans
genitive	*ɸerkisos	*?	*ɸerkisom
dative	*ɸerkisei	*?	*ɸerkisbos
instrumental	*ɸerkisī	*?	*ɸerkisbis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸerkis	*?	*?
vocative	*ɸerkis	*?	*?
accusative	*ɸerkis	*?	*?
genitive	*ɸerkisos	*?	*ɸerkisom
dative	*ɸerkisei	*?	*ɸerkisbos
instrumental	*ɸerkisī	*?	*ɸerkisbis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *erx
- Middle Welsh: erch
  - Welsh: (obsolete) erch
Primitive Irish: ᚓᚏᚉᚐ (erca), ᚓᚏᚉ (erc)
- Middle Irish: erc (“speckled; speckled animal”)
  - Irish: earc (“lizard”)
  - Scottish Gaelic: earc (“speckled animal”)
  - ⇒ Manx: eairkag (“newt”)

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ferko-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 128

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ferko-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 128

[1]