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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *sodéyeti, regular o-grade causative from *sed- (“to sit”), whence also *sedeti (“to sit”). A lengthened-grade causative from the same root also coexisted in Celtic, as *sādīti.[1]
Verb
*sodīti
- to set, put, place
Inflection
| Ī-present
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*sodeyū
|
*sodīmam
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*sodīsi
|
*sodītās
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*sodīti
|
*sodīto
|
?
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*sodeyomosi
|
*sodīmo
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*sodītesi
|
*sodīstē
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*sodeyonti
|
*sodīnto
|
?
|
—
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
?
|
*sodī
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
?
|
*sodītou
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
?
|
*sodeyomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
?
|
*sodīte
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
?
|
*sodeyontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*sodeyūr
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*sodītar
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*sodītor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*sodeyommor
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*sodīdwe
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*sodeyontor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*sodeyonts
|
*sodeyonte
|
*sodeyontes
|
| vocative
|
*sodeyonts
|
*sodeyonte
|
*sodeyontes
|
| accusative
|
*sodeyontam
|
*sodeyonte
|
*sodeyontans
|
| genitive
|
*sodeyantos
|
*?
|
*sodeyantom
|
| dative
|
*sodeyantei
|
*sodeyantbom
|
*sodeyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*sodeyantī?
|
*sodeyantbim
|
*sodeyantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*sodeyantī
|
*sodeyantī
|
*sodeyantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*sodeyantī
|
*sodeyantī
|
*sodeyantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*sodeyantīm
|
*sodeyantī
|
*sodeyantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*sodeyantyās
|
*?
|
*sodeyantyom
|
| dative
|
*sodeyantyāi
|
*sodeyantyābom
|
*sodeyantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*sodeyantyābim
|
*sodeyantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*sodeyont
|
*?
|
*sodeyonta
|
| vocative
|
*sodeyont
|
*?
|
*sodeyonta
|
| accusative
|
*sodeyont
|
*?
|
*sodeyonta
|
| genitive
|
*sodeyantos
|
*?
|
*sodeyantom
|
| dative
|
*sodeyantei
|
*?
|
*sodeyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*sodeyantī?
|
*?
|
*sodeyantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*sodeyomnos
|
*sodeyomnou
|
*sodeyomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*sodeyomne
|
*sodeyomnou
|
*sodeyomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*sodeyomnom
|
*sodeyomnou
|
*sodeyomnons
|
| genitive
|
*sodeyomnī
|
*sodeyomnous
|
*sodeyomnom
|
| dative
|
*sodeyomnūi
|
*sodeyomnobom
|
*sodeyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*sodeyomnū
|
*sodeyomnobim
|
*sodeyomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*sodeyomnā
|
*sodeyomnai
|
*sodeyomnās
|
| vocative
|
*sodeyomnā
|
*sodeyomnai
|
*sodeyomnās
|
| accusative
|
*sodeyomnam
|
*sodeyomnai
|
*sodeyomnans
|
| genitive
|
*sodeyomnās
|
*sodeyomnous
|
*sodeyomnom
|
| dative
|
*sodeyomnai
|
*sodeyomnābom
|
*sodeyomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*sodeyomnābim
|
*sodeyomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*sodeyomnom
|
*sodeyomnou
|
*sodeyomnā
|
| vocative
|
*sodeyomnom
|
*sodeyomnou
|
*sodeyomnā
|
| accusative
|
*sodeyomnom
|
*sodeyomnou
|
*sodeyomnā
|
| genitive
|
*sodeyomnī
|
*sodeyomnous
|
*sodeyomnom
|
| dative
|
*sodeyomnūi
|
*sodeyomnobom
|
*sodeyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*sodeyomnū
|
*sodeyomnobim
|
*sodeyomnobis
|
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic:
- ⇒ Old Irish: ad·suidi
- Middle Irish: fostaid, fostaigid
References
- ^ Le Mair, Esther (30 September 2011) Secondary Verbs in Old Irish: A comparative-historical study of patterns of verbal derivation in the Old Irish Glosses, Galway: National University of Ireland, page 247