Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hukka
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unclear. The word been compared to Proto-Germanic *sukka- (“noise, disturbance”) (whence Old Norse sukk (“noise”), sukka (“to make a noise; to waste”)) on one hand, and Komi-Zyrian чыкны (ćykny, “to lose”), Udmurt чыкйыны (ćykjyny, “to be soiled”) on the other. Both comparisons have issues; the Old Norse word does not have a clear etymology (note variants svakk, svakka), while the latter would (if one ignores the other phonological issues) require the sound change of initial *č > *š, now considered highly unlikely.
Noun
*hukka[1]
Usage notes
The word has later developed a tabooistic meaning "wolf" in Ludic, Livvi, Karelian and eastern dialects of Finnish, largely replacing *suci.
Inflection
Inflection of *hukka
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *hukka | *huk'at | |
| accusative | *huk'an | *huk'at | |
| genitive | *huk'an | *hukkadën *hukkëidën | |
| partitive | *hukkada | *hukkëida | |
| inessive | *huk'assa *huk'ahna |
*huk'ëissa *huk'ëihna | |
| elative | *huk'asta | *huk'ëista | |
| illative | *hukkahën | *hukkëihën | |
| adessive | *huk'alla | *huk'ëilla | |
| ablative | *huk'alta | *huk'ëilta | |
| allative | *hukkalën *hukkalëk |
*hukkëilën *hukkëilëk | |
| essive | *hukkana | *hukkëina | |
| translative | *huk'aksi | *huk'ëiksi | |
| instructive | *huk'an | *huk'ëin | |
| comitative | *hukkanëk | *hukkëinëk | |
| abessive | *huk'atta | *huk'ëitta | |
Derived terms
- *huk'at'ak
- *hukkudak
Descendants
- Estonian: hukk
- Finnish: hukka
- Ingrian: hukka
- Karelian:
- Livonian: *hukkahën > ukkõ, *huk'assa > ukās
- → Latvian: ukā
- Livvi: hukku
- Ludian: hukk
- Võro: *hukkahën > hukan
- Votic: (Kattila) ukkõ
References
- “hukk”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN