Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/këhtat'ak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown. Has been compared with Lithuanian gėdėtis (“to be ashamed”) (third-person singular present gė́džiasi), possibly then from earlier *kešta(j)-ta-, borrowed with metathesis from Proto-Baltic *gḗˀd-ja-; this leaves the *š unexplained.
Verb
*këhtat'ak (stem *këhtada-)[1]
- to be able to bring oneself to do something; to dare
- to feel like (doing), bother (to do)
- Synonym: *viiccidäk
Inflection
Inflection of *këhtat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *këhtadan | *këhtacin | — | *këhtatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *këhtadat | *këhtacit | *këhtadak | *këhtatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *këhtadapi *këhtat |
*këhtaci | *këhtatkasën | *këhtatkosën |
| 1st plur. | *këhtadakmëk *këhtadakmak |
*këhtacimëk *këhtacimak |
*këhtatkatëmëk *këhtatkatamak |
*këhtatkotëmëk *këhtatkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *këhtadaktëk *këhtadaktak |
*këhtacidëk *këhtacidak |
*këhtatkatë *këhtatkata |
*këhtatkot'ëk *këhtatkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *këhtadabat *këhtat |
*këhtaci | *këhtatkasën | *këhtatkosën |
| passive | *këhtadaksën *këhtadat'aksën |
*këhtattisën *këhtadattihën |
*këhtattakahën *këhtadattagasën |
*këhtattakohën *këhtadattagosën |
| connegative | *këhtadak | — | *këhtatkak | *këhtatkok |
| passive connegative | *këhtadaktak | — | *këhtattagak *këhtadattagak |
*këhtattagok *këhtadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *këhtadakcin | *këhtacicin | *këhtannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *këhtadakcit | *këhtacicit | *këhtannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *këhtadakci | *këhtacici | *këhtanni | |
| 1st plur. | *këhtadakcimëk *këhtadakcimak |
*këhtacicimëk *këhtacicimak |
*këhtannëmëk *këhtannëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *këhtadakcidëk *këhtadakcidak |
*këhtacicidëk *këhtacicidak |
*këhtannëdëk *këhtannëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *këhtadakci | *këhtacici | *këhtanni | |
| passive | *këhtat'akcihën *këhtadat'akcisën |
*këhtatticihën *këhtadatticisën |
*këhtattanëhën *këhtadattanësën | |
| connegative | *këhtadakcik | *këhtacicik | *këhtannëk | |
| passive connegative | *këhtat'akcik *këhtadat'akcik |
*këhtatticik *këhtadatticik |
*këhtattanëk *këhtadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *këhtat'ak | present | *këhtadapa | *këhtattapa *këhtadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *këhtattë- | past | *këhtannut | *këhtattu *këhtadattu |
| gerund/supine | *këhtadama | |||
| action noun | *këhtadaminen | |||
Descendants
- Finnish: kehdata
- Ingrian: kehata
- → Votic: kehatõ
- Karelian:
- Livvi: kehtata
- Ludian: kiehtada
- Veps: kehtta
- Võro: (obsolete) kõhtama/kõhadaq
References
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kehdata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN