Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/nuhkidak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably onomatopoeic.
Verb
*nuhkidak (stem *nuhki-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *nuhkidak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *nuhkin | *nuhkëjin | — | *nuhkigon |
| 2nd sing. | *nuhkit | *nuhkëjit | *nuhkik | *nuhkigos |
| 3rd sing. | *nuhkibi *nuhki |
*nuhkëji | *nuhkigasën | *nuhkigosën |
| 1st plur. | *nuhkikmëk *nuhkikmak |
*nuhkëjimëk *nuhkëjimak |
*nuhkigatëmëk *nuhkigatamak |
*nuhkigotëmëk *nuhkigotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *nuhkiktëk *nuhkiktak |
*nuhkëjidëk *nuhkëjidak |
*nuhkigatë *nuhkigata |
*nuhkigot'ëk *nuhkigotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *nuhkibat *nuhki |
*nuhkëji | *nuhkigasën | *nuhkigosën |
| passive | *nuhkiksën *nuhkit'aksën |
*nuhkidisën *nuhkittisën |
*nuhkidakahën *nuhkittakahën |
*nuhkidakohën *nuhkittakohën |
| connegative | *nuhkik | — | *nuhkigak | *nuhkigok |
| passive connegative | *nuhkiktak | — | *nuhkidagak *nuhkittagak |
*nuhkidagok *nuhkittagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *nuhkikcin | *nuhkëjicin | *nuhkinën | |
| 2nd sing. | *nuhkikcit | *nuhkëjicit | *nuhkinët | |
| 3rd sing. | *nuhkikci | *nuhkëjici | *nuhkini | |
| 1st plur. | *nuhkikcimëk *nuhkikcimak |
*nuhkëjicimëk *nuhkëjicimak |
*nuhkinëmëk *nuhkinëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *nuhkikcidëk *nuhkikcidak |
*nuhkëjicidëk *nuhkëjicidak |
*nuhkinëdëk *nuhkinëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *nuhkikci | *nuhkëjici | *nuhkini | |
| passive | *nuhkidakcihën *nuhkit'akcihën |
*nuhkidicihën *nuhkitticihën |
*nuhkidanëhën *nuhkittanëhën | |
| connegative | *nuhkikcik | *nuhkëjicik | *nuhkinëk | |
| passive connegative | *nuhkidakcik *nuhkit'akcik |
*nuhkidicik *nuhkitticik |
*nuhkidanëk *nuhkittanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *nuhkidak | present | *nuhkiba | *nuhkidapa *nuhkittapa |
| infinitive 2 | *nuhkidë- | past | *nuhkinut | *nuhkidu *nuhkittu |
| gerund/supine | *nuhkima | |||
| action noun | *nuhkiminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: nuhkima/nuhkida
- Finnish: nuuhkia, (dialectal) nuhkia
- Ingrian: nuuhkia
- Karelian: nuuhkie
- Livvi: nuuhkie
- Võro: nuhk'ma/nuhkiq
References
Further reading
- “nuhkima”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012