Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/parat'ak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *para- + *-t'ak. The same root appears also in *paras. Compare Northern Sami buorránit.
Verb
*parat'ak (stem *paranë-)
Inflection
Inflection of *parat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *paranën | *paranin | — | *paratkon |
| 2nd sing. | *paranët | *paranit | *paranëk | *paratkos |
| 3rd sing. | *paranëpi *paran |
*parani | *paratkasën | *paratkosën |
| 1st plur. | *paranëkmëk *paranëkmak |
*paranimëk *paranimak |
*paratkatëmëk *paratkatamak |
*paratkotëmëk *paratkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *paranëktëk *paranëktak |
*paranidëk *paranidak |
*paratkatë *paratkata |
*paratkot'ëk *paratkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *paranëbat *paran |
*parani | *paratkasën | *paratkosën |
| passive | *paranëksën *paranët'aksën |
*parattisën *paranëttihën |
*parattakahën *paranëttagasën |
*parattakohën *paranëttagosën |
| connegative | *paranëk | — | *paratkak | *paratkok |
| passive connegative | *paranëktak | — | *parattagak *paranëttagak |
*parattagok *paranëttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *paranëkcin | *paranicin | *parannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *paranëkcit | *paranicit | *parannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *paranëkci | *paranici | *paranni | |
| 1st plur. | *paranëkcimëk *paranëkcimak |
*paranicimëk *paranicimak |
*parannëmëk *parannëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *paranëkcidëk *paranëkcidak |
*paranicidëk *paranicidak |
*parannëdëk *parannëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *paranëkci | *paranici | *paranni | |
| passive | *parat'akcihën *paranët'akcisën |
*paratticihën *paranëtticisën |
*parattanëhën *paranëttanësën | |
| connegative | *paranëkcik | *paranicik | *parannëk | |
| passive connegative | *parat'akcik *paranët'akcik |
*paratticik *paranëtticik |
*parattanëk *paranëttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *parat'ak | present | *paranëpa | *parattapa *paranëttaba |
| infinitive 2 | *parattë- | past | *parannut | *parattu *paranëttu |
| gerund/supine | *paranëma | |||
| action noun | *paranëminen | |||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Estonian: paranema/paraneda
- Finnish: parata
- Ingrian: pareta
- Karelian:
- Livvi: parata
- Ludian: parata
- Võro: paranõma/paradaq
- Votic: parõtõ
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “parata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN