Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/uskodak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *wunskijaną. From the same source as Proto-Samic *oskōtēk. Alternatively related to Proto-Permic *ɛskini and Eastern Khanty [Term?], both from Proto-Finno-Ugric *iske, but the initial vowel is problematic.
Verb
*uskodak (stem *usko-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *uskodak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *uskon | *uskoin | — | *uskogon |
| 2nd sing. | *uskot | *uskoit | *uskok | *uskogos |
| 3rd sing. | *uskobi *usko |
*uskoi | *uskogasën | *uskogosën |
| 1st plur. | *uskokmëk *uskokmak |
*uskoimëk *uskoimak |
*uskogatëmëk *uskogatamak |
*uskogotëmëk *uskogotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *uskoktëk *uskoktak |
*uskoidëk *uskoidak |
*uskogatë *uskogata |
*uskogot'ëk *uskogotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *uskobat *usko |
*uskoi | *uskogasën | *uskogosën |
| passive | *uskoksën *uskot'aksën |
*uskodisën *uskottisën |
*uskodakahën *uskottakahën |
*uskodakohën *uskottakohën |
| connegative | *uskok | — | *uskogak | *uskogok |
| passive connegative | *uskoktak | — | *uskodagak *uskottagak |
*uskodagok *uskottagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *uskokcin | *uskoicin | *uskonën | |
| 2nd sing. | *uskokcit | *uskoicit | *uskonët | |
| 3rd sing. | *uskokci | *uskoici | *uskoni | |
| 1st plur. | *uskokcimëk *uskokcimak |
*uskoicimëk *uskoicimak |
*uskonëmëk *uskonëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *uskokcidëk *uskokcidak |
*uskoicidëk *uskoicidak |
*uskonëdëk *uskonëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *uskokci | *uskoici | *uskoni | |
| passive | *uskodakcihën *uskot'akcihën |
*uskodicihën *uskotticihën |
*uskodanëhën *uskottanëhën | |
| connegative | *uskokcik | *uskoicik | *uskonëk | |
| passive connegative | *uskodakcik *uskot'akcik |
*uskodicik *uskotticik |
*uskodanëk *uskottanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *uskodak | present | *uskoba | *uskodapa *uskottapa |
| infinitive 2 | *uskodë- | past | *uskonut | *uskodu *uskottu |
| gerund/supine | *uskoma | |||
| action noun | *uskominen | |||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Estonian: uskuma/uskuda
- Finnish: uskoa
- Ingrian: uskoa
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: uskuo
- South Karelian: uskuo
- Livonian: (Courland) uskõ, (Salaca) usk
- Livvi: uskuo
- Ludian: uskoda
- Veps: uskta
- Võro: uskma/uskuq
- Votic: uskoa