Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wunskijaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *wunskaz (“wish”) + *-janą or *wunskō (“wish”) + *-janą.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwun.ski.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*wunskijaną
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *wunskijō | *wunskijaų | — | *wunskijai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *wunskīsi | *wunskijais | *wunskī | *wunskijasai | *wunskijaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *wunskīþi | *wunskijai | *wunskijaþau | *wunskijaþai | *wunskijaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *wunskijōs | *wunskijaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *wunskijaþiz | *wunskijaiþiz | *wunskijaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *wunskijamaz | *wunskijaim | — | *wunskijanþai | *wunskijainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *wunskīþ | *wunskijaiþ | *wunskīþ | *wunskijanþai | *wunskijainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *wunskijanþi | *wunskijain | *wunskijanþau | *wunskijanþai | *wunskijainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *wunskidǭ | *wunskidēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *wunskidēz | *wunskidēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *wunskidē | *wunskidēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *wunskidēdū | *wunskidēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *wunskidēdudiz | *wunskidēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *wunskidēdum | *wunskidēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *wunskidēdud | *wunskidēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *wunskidēdun | *wunskidēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *wunskijandz | *wunskidaz | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *wunskijan
- Old English: wȳsċan
- Old Frisian: *wenskia, *wunskia (likely a borrowing?)
- Old Saxon: *wunskian
- Old Dutch: *wunsken
- Old High German: wunsken, wunscen
- Middle High German: wunschen
- German: wünschen
- → Czech: vinšovat
- → Polish: winszować
- → Belarusian: віншава́ць (vinšavácʹ)
- → Ukrainian: віншува́ти (vinšuváty)
- → Carpathian Rusyn: вінчова́ти (vinčováty)
- → Slovak: vinšovať
- Luxembourgish: wënschen
- Yiddish: ווינטשן (vintshn)
- German: wünschen
- → Serbo-Croatian: приу̀штити, priùštiti
- → Slovene: voščiti, privoščiti
- Middle High German: wunschen
- Old Norse: œskja, ǿskja, ýskja
- →? Proto-Finnic: *uskodak
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*wunskjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 599