Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/virgot'ak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *virk- + *-ot'ak, from the same root as *virkedä and *virkka.
Verb
*virgot'ak (stem *virkoda-)
- to awake, to wake up
- Synonym: *heräit'äk
- to resuscitate
- to revive
Inflection
Inflection of *virgot'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *virkodan | *virkocin | — | *virgotkon |
| 2nd sing. | *virkodat | *virkocit | *virkodak | *virgotkos |
| 3rd sing. | *virkodapi *virgot |
*virkoci | *virgotkasën | *virgotkosën |
| 1st plur. | *virkodakmëk *virkodakmak |
*virkocimëk *virkocimak |
*virgotkatëmëk *virgotkatamak |
*virgotkotëmëk *virgotkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *virkodaktëk *virkodaktak |
*virkocidëk *virkocidak |
*virgotkatë *virgotkata |
*virgotkot'ëk *virgotkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *virkodabat *virgot |
*virkoci | *virgotkasën | *virgotkosën |
| passive | *virkodaksën *virkodat'aksën |
*virgottisën *virkodattihën |
*virgottakahën *virkodattagasën |
*virgottakohën *virkodattagosën |
| connegative | *virkodak | — | *virgotkak | *virgotkok |
| passive connegative | *virkodaktak | — | *virgottagak *virkodattagak |
*virgottagok *virkodattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *virkodakcin | *virkocicin | *virgonnën | |
| 2nd sing. | *virkodakcit | *virkocicit | *virgonnët | |
| 3rd sing. | *virkodakci | *virkocici | *virgonni | |
| 1st plur. | *virkodakcimëk *virkodakcimak |
*virkocicimëk *virkocicimak |
*virgonnëmëk *virgonnëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *virkodakcidëk *virkodakcidak |
*virkocicidëk *virkocicidak |
*virgonnëdëk *virgonnëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *virkodakci | *virkocici | *virgonni | |
| passive | *virgot'akcihën *virkodat'akcisën |
*virgotticihën *virkodatticisën |
*virgottanëhën *virkodattanësën | |
| connegative | *virkodakcik | *virkocicik | *virgonnëk | |
| passive connegative | *virgot'akcik *virkodat'akcik |
*virgotticik *virkodatticik |
*virgottanëk *virkodattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *virgot'ak | present | *virkodapa | *virgottapa *virkodattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *virgottë- | past | *virgonnut | *virgottu *virkodattu |
| gerund/supine | *virkodama | |||
| action noun | *virkodaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: virguma/virguda
- Finnish: virota
- Karelian:
- Livonian: virgõ
- Livvi: virota
- Ludian: virgota
- Võro: virguma/virgudaq
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “virota”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN