Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrūtaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *trewd- (“to push, to thrust”). Cognate with Latin trūdō.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈθruː.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*þrūtaną[1]

  1. to swell

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *þrūtō *þrūtaų — *þrūtai ?
2nd singular *þrūtizi *þrūtaiz *þrūt *þrūtazai *þrūtaizau
3rd singular *þrūtidi *þrūtai *þrūtadau *þrūtadai *þrūtaidau
1st dual *þrūtōz *þrūtaiw — — —
2nd dual *þrūtadiz *þrūtaidiz *þrūtadiz — —
1st plural *þrūtamaz *þrūtaim — *þrūtandai *þrūtaindau
2nd plural *þrūtid *þrūtaid *þrūtid *þrūtandai *þrūtaindau
3rd plural *þrūtandi *þrūtain *þrūtandau *þrūtandai *þrūtaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *þraut *þrutį̄
2nd singular *þraust *þrutīz
3rd singular *þraut *þrutī
1st dual *þrutū *þrutīw
2nd dual *þrutudiz *þrutīdiz
1st plural *þrutum *þrutīm
2nd plural *þrutud *þrutīd
3rd plural *þrutun *þrutīn
present past
participles *þrūtandz *þrutanaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *þrūtan
    • Old English: *þrūtan
      • ⇒ Old English: āþruten (past participle)
  • Old Norse: þrútinn (past participle)

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*þrūtanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 428
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