Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrawōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *þrawō (“suffering, longing”) +‎ *-ōną.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈθra.wɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*þrawōną^[1]^[2]

to desire, long for
to suffer, endure
to threaten

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*þrawō	*þrawǭ	—	*þrawōi	?
2nd singular	*þrawōsi	*þrawōs	*þrawō	*þrawōsai	*þrawōsau
3rd singular	*þrawōþi	*þrawō	*þrawōþau	*þrawōþai	*þrawōþau
1st dual	*þrawōs	*þrawōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*þrawōþiz	*þrawōþiz	*þrawōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*þrawōmaz	*þrawōm	—	*þrawōnþai	*þrawōnþau
2nd plural	*þrawōþ	*þrawōþ	*þrawōþ	*þrawōnþai	*þrawōnþau
3rd plural	*þrawōnþi	*þrawōn	*þrawōnþau	*þrawōnþai	*þrawōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þrawōdǭ	*þrawōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*þrawōdēz	*þrawōdēdīz
3rd singular	*þrawōdē	*þrawōdēdī
1st dual	*þrawōdēdū	*þrawōdēdīw
2nd dual	*þrawōdēdudiz	*þrawōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*þrawōdēdum	*þrawōdēdīm
2nd plural	*þrawōdēdud	*þrawōdēdīd
3rd plural	*þrawōdēdun	*þrawōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*þrawōndz	*þrawōdaz

Related terms

*þrawjaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *þrawōn
- Old English: þrēawian
- Old Saxon: *thrōōn
  - Middle Low German: drouwen, drowen, drauwen, drūwen
    - Low German: drauhen
  - ⇒ Old Saxon: githrōōn
- Old High German: *drōōn
  - Middle High German: drōn, drouwen, drowen
    - German: drohen
Old Norse: þrá
- Icelandic: þrá
- Faroese: tráa
- Norn: trå
- Norwegian Nynorsk: trå
- Norwegian Bokmål: trå
- Old Swedish: þra, thra
  - Swedish: trå
- Old Danish: thra
  - Danish: attrå

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þrawō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 545-6: “*þrawōjan”
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*þrawōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 425

[Kroonen-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þrawō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 545-6: “*þrawōjan”

[Orel-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*þrawōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 425

[1]

[2]