Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/Rūmō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Latin Rōma, possibly through Proto-Celtic *Rūmā.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈruː.mɔː/

Proper noun

*Rūmō f

Rome

Inflection

Declension of *Rūmō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*Rūmō	*Rūmôz
vocative	*Rūmō	*Rūmôz
accusative	*Rūmǭ	*Rūmōz
genitive	*Rūmōz	*Rūmǫ̂
dative	*Rūmōi	*Rūmōmaz
instrumental	*Rūmō	*Rūmōmiz

Related terms

*rūmōniz

Descendants

In many of these descendants, the original form was later influenced by the Latin form (and sometimes Romance languages like French), thereby the original ū was replaced with ō.

Proto-West Germanic: *Rūmu
- Old English: Rōm, Rūm
  - Middle English: Rome
    - English: Rome
    - Scots: Roum, Rome
- Old Frisian: Rūme
- Old Saxon: Rūma
  - Middle Low German: Rōme, Rōm
    - Dutch Low Saxon: Rome
- Old Dutch: *Rōma
  - Middle Dutch: Rōme
    - Dutch: Rome
      - Afrikaans: Rome
    - Limburgish: Roeme
- Old High German: Rūma, Rōma
  - Middle High German: Rōme
    - German: Rom
    - Luxembourgish: Roum
    - Yiddish: רוים (roym)
Old Norse: Rúm
- Icelandic: Róm
- Faroese: Róm
- ⇒ Old Norse: Rúmaborg (+ *burgz)
  - Icelandic: Rómaborg, Rúmaborg
Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 (rūma)
→ Proto-Slavic: *Rimъ (likely from a Germanic language)

References

^ David Stifter (2009), ‘The Proto-Germanic shift *ā>*ō and early Germanic linguistic contacts’ (pdf), Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics, Bd. 122

[1] David Stifter (2009), ‘The Proto-Germanic shift *ā>*ō and early Germanic linguistic contacts’ (pdf), Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics, Bd. 122

[1]