Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/abraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *h₃(e)prós, equivalent to the lost strong verb *afaną +‎ *-raz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑβ.rɑz/

Adjective

*abraz^[1]

strong, severe, exceeding, immense, great, huge, terrible

Inflection

Declension of *abraz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*abraz	*abrō	*abrą, -atō	*abrai	*abrôz	*abrō
accusative	*abranǭ	*abrǭ	*abrą, -atō	*abranz	*abrōz	*abrō
genitive	*abras, -is	*abraizōz	*abras, -is	*abraizǫ̂	*abraizǫ̂	*abraizǫ̂
dative	*abrammai	*abraizōi	*abrammai	*abraimaz	*abraimaz	*abraimaz
instrumental	*abranō	*abraizō	*abranō	*abraimiz	*abraimiz	*abraimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*abrô	*abrǭ	*abrô	*abraniz	*abrōniz	*abrōnō
accusative	*abranų	*abrōnų	*abrô	*abranunz	*abrōnunz	*abrōnō
genitive	*abriniz	*abrōniz	*abriniz	*abranǫ̂	*abrōnǫ̂	*abranǫ̂
dative	*abrini	*abrōni	*abrini	*abrammaz	*abrōmaz	*abrammaz
instrumental	*abrinē	*abrōnē	*abrinē	*abrammiz	*abrōmiz	*abrammiz

Derived terms

*abrijaną

Related terms

Descendants

Old Norse: afar (in compounds); æfr (possibly also from *aibraz)
- Icelandic: afar
Gothic: 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐍃 (abrs)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*abra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*abra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1

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