Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/biskīnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *bi- +‎ *skīnaną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bi.ˈskiː.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*biskīnaną

to shine upon or about

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*biskīnō	*biskīnaų	—	*biskīnai	?
2nd singular	*biskīnizi	*biskīnaiz	*biskīn	*biskīnazai	*biskīnaizau
3rd singular	*biskīnidi	*biskīnai	*biskīnadau	*biskīnadai	*biskīnaidau
1st dual	*biskīnōz	*biskīnaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*biskīnadiz	*biskīnaidiz	*biskīnadiz	—	—
1st plural	*biskīnamaz	*biskīnaim	—	*biskīnandai	*biskīnaindau
2nd plural	*biskīnid	*biskīnaid	*biskīnid	*biskīnandai	*biskīnaindau
3rd plural	*biskīnandi	*biskīnain	*biskīnandau	*biskīnandai	*biskīnaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*biskain	*biskinį̄
2nd singular	*biskaint	*biskinīz
3rd singular	*biskain	*biskinī
1st dual	*biskinū	*biskinīw
2nd dual	*biskinudiz	*biskinīdiz
1st plural	*biskinum	*biskinīm
2nd plural	*biskinud	*biskinīd
3rd plural	*biskinun	*biskinīn

	present	past
participles	*biskīnandz	*biskinanaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *biskīnan
- Old English: besċīnan
  - Middle English: beschinen, beshinen
    - English: beshine
- Old Frisian: biskīna
  - Saterland Frisian: beskiene
  - West Frisian: beskine
- Old Saxon: *biskīnan
  - Middle Low German: beschînen
    - German Low German: beschienen
    - Plautdietsch: beschienen
- Old Dutch: *biskīnan
  - Middle Dutch: beschinen
    - Dutch: beschijnen
- Old High German: biskīnan
  - Middle High German: beschīnen
    - German: bescheinen
Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽 (biskeinan)