Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dingwaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *dʰengʷʰ-, probably of onomatopoeic origin.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdiŋʷ.ɡʷɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*dingwaną[1][2]

  1. to beat

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *dingwō *dingwaų — *dingwai ?
2nd singular *dingwizi *dingwaiz *dingw *dingwazai *dingwaizau
3rd singular *dingwidi *dingwai *dingwadau *dingwadai *dingwaidau
1st dual *dingwōz *dingwaiw — — —
2nd dual *dingwadiz *dingwaidiz *dingwadiz — —
1st plural *dingwamaz *dingwaim — *dingwandai *dingwaindau
2nd plural *dingwid *dingwaid *dingwid *dingwandai *dingwaindau
3rd plural *dingwandi *dingwain *dingwandau *dingwandai *dingwaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *dangw *dungį̄
2nd singular *danht *dungīz
3rd singular *dangw *dungī
1st dual *dungū *dungīw
2nd dual *dungudiz *dungīdiz
1st plural *dungum *dungīm
2nd plural *dungud *dungīd
3rd plural *dungun *dungīn
present past
participles *dingwandz *dunganaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Old English: *dingan
  • Old Swedish: diunga

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*dingwan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 96
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*denʒwanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 70
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