Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/duppōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *dʰubʰ-néh₂- from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”), thus "go deep" > "dive". By synchronic analysis, an iterative verb related to the strong verb *dūbaną (“to dive”). Compare also West Germanic *duppijan.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdup.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*duppōną[1]

  1. to dip

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *dupp- against non-singular *dub-.

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *duppō *duppǭ — *duppōi ?
2nd singular *duppōsi *duppōs *duppō *duppōsai *duppōsau
3rd singular *duppōþi *duppō *duppōþau *duppōþai *duppōþau
1st dual *duppōs *duppōw — — —
2nd dual *duppōþiz *duppōþiz *duppōþiz — —
1st plural *duppōmaz *duppōm — *duppōnþai *duppōnþau
2nd plural *duppōþ *duppōþ *duppōþ *duppōnþai *duppōnþau
3rd plural *duppōnþi *duppōn *duppōnþau *duppōnþai *duppōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *duppōdǭ *duppōdēdį̄
2nd singular *duppōdēz *duppōdēdīz
3rd singular *duppōdē *duppōdēdī
1st dual *duppōdēdū *duppōdēdīw
2nd dual *duppōdēdudiz *duppōdēdīdiz
1st plural *duppōdēdum *duppōdēdīm
2nd plural *duppōdēdud *duppōdēdīd
3rd plural *duppōdēdun *duppōdēdīn
present past
participles *duppōndz *duppōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *duppōn
    • Old Dutch: *doppon
    • Old High German: topfōn
      • Middle High German: *topfen
  • Old Norse: *duppa, *dubba
    • Norwegian:
      Norwegian Bokmål: duppe
      Norwegian Nynorsk: duppe, dubbe, duppa, dubba
    • Elfdalian: duppa
    • Swedish: doppa
    • Danish: duppe

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*dupp/bōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 109-10
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