Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/firinōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *firinō (“crime”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈɸi.ri.nɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*firinōną[1]

  1. to commit a crime
  2. (transitive) to accuse, blame

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *firinō *firinǭ — *firinōi ?
2nd singular *firinōsi *firinōs *firinō *firinōsai *firinōsau
3rd singular *firinōþi *firinō *firinōþau *firinōþai *firinōþau
1st dual *firinōs *firinōw — — —
2nd dual *firinōþiz *firinōþiz *firinōþiz — —
1st plural *firinōmaz *firinōm — *firinōnþai *firinōnþau
2nd plural *firinōþ *firinōþ *firinōþ *firinōnþai *firinōnþau
3rd plural *firinōnþi *firinōn *firinōnþau *firinōnþai *firinōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *firinōdǭ *firinōdēdį̄
2nd singular *firinōdēz *firinōdēdīz
3rd singular *firinōdē *firinōdēdī
1st dual *firinōdēdū *firinōdēdīw
2nd dual *firinōdēdudiz *firinōdēdīdiz
1st plural *firinōdēdum *firinōdēdīm
2nd plural *firinōdēdud *firinōdēdīd
3rd plural *firinōdēdun *firinōdēdīn
present past
participles *firinōndz *firinōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *firinōn
    • Old English: firenian
    • Old High German: firinōn
      • Middle High German: virnen
  • Old Norse: firna
    • Icelandic: firna
  • Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (fairinōn)

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*firinōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 100
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