Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gīslōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *gīslaz (“hostage”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɣiːs.lɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*gīslōną[1]

  1. to take hostage

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *gīslō *gīslǭ — *gīslōi ?
2nd singular *gīslōsi *gīslōs *gīslō *gīslōsai *gīslōsau
3rd singular *gīslōþi *gīslō *gīslōþau *gīslōþai *gīslōþau
1st dual *gīslōs *gīslōw — — —
2nd dual *gīslōþiz *gīslōþiz *gīslōþiz — —
1st plural *gīslōmaz *gīslōm — *gīslōnþai *gīslōnþau
2nd plural *gīslōþ *gīslōþ *gīslōþ *gīslōnþai *gīslōnþau
3rd plural *gīslōnþi *gīslōn *gīslōnþau *gīslōnþai *gīslōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *gīslōdǭ *gīslōdēdį̄
2nd singular *gīslōdēz *gīslōdēdīz
3rd singular *gīslōdē *gīslōdēdī
1st dual *gīslōdēdū *gīslōdēdīw
2nd dual *gīslōdēdudiz *gīslōdēdīdiz
1st plural *gīslōdēdum *gīslōdēdīm
2nd plural *gīslōdēdud *gīslōdēdīd
3rd plural *gīslōdēdun *gīslōdēdīn
present past
participles *gīslōndz *gīslōdaz

Derived terms

  • *gīslungō

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *gīslōn
    • Old English: gīslian
      • Middle English: gislen
    • Old Frisian: gīslia
      • West Frisian: gizelje
    • Old Saxon: *gīslōn
      • Middle Low German: gîselen, gîseln
    • Old Dutch: *gīslon
    • Old High German: *gīslōn
      • Middle High German: gīselen, gīseln
        • German: geiseln
  • Old Norse: gísla

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ʒīslōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 135
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