Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/geusaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly representing a sigmatic aorist or s-extension to Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- (“to pour”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣeu̯.sɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*geusaną^[1]

to erupt

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 2)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*geusō	*geusaų	—	*geusai	?
2nd singular	*giusizi	*geusaiz	*geus	*geusazai	*geusaizau
3rd singular	*giusidi	*geusai	*geusadau	*geusadai	*geusaidau
1st dual	*geusōz	*geusaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*geusadiz	*geusaidiz	*geusadiz	—	—
1st plural	*geusamaz	*geusaim	—	*geusandai	*geusaindau
2nd plural	*giusid	*geusaid	*giusid	*geusandai	*geusaindau
3rd plural	*geusandi	*geusain	*geusandau	*geusandai	*geusaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gaus	*gusį̄
2nd singular	*gaust	*gusīz
3rd singular	*gaus	*gusī
1st dual	*gusū	*gusīw
2nd dual	*gusudiz	*gusīdiz
1st plural	*gusum	*gusīm
2nd plural	*gusud	*gusīd
3rd plural	*gusun	*gusīn

	present	past
participles	*geusandz	*gusanaz

Derived terms

*gausijaną
*gusą

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *geusan
- Middle Dutch: gūsen
  - Middle Dutch: gusen
    - Dutch: guizen
      - ⇒ Dutch: verguizen
        Afrikaans: verguis
Old Norse: gjósa
- Icelandic: gjósa
- Faroese: gjósa
- Gutnish: gjausa
- Danish: gyse

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ʒeusanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 133

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ʒeusanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 133

[1]