Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ǵʰew-^[1]^[2]

to pour

Extensions

*ǵʰew-d-

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰew- (24 c, 0 e)

*ǵʰéw-t ~ *ǵʰw-ént (athematic root aorist)^[2]
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἔχυτο (ékhuto)
*ǵʰéw-e-ti (thematic present)^[2]
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: χέω (khéō)
*ǵʰi-ǵʰéw-ti (reduplicated present)^[2]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰuȷ́ʰáwti
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́uźʰáwti
    - Sanskrit: जुहोति (juhóti)
*ǵʰe-ǵʰów-e ~ *ǵʰe-ǵʰw-ḗr (reduplicated stative)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κέχῠκᾰ (kékhŭkă)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰuȷ́ʰā́wa
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́uźʰā́wa
    - Sanskrit: जुहाव (juhā́va)
*ǵʰu-tó-s (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰéw-ti-s ~ *ǵʰu-téy-s
- Proto-Italic: *foutis
  - Latin: fūtis, fūtilis, effūtiō
*ǵʰéw-mn̥ ~ *ǵʰu-mén-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *kʰéumə
  - Ancient Greek: χεῦμᾰ (kheûmă), χύμα (khúma)
- Phrygian: ζευμάν (zeumán)
*ǵʰéw-mo-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰáwmas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰáwmas
    - Sanskrit: होम (hóma)
*ǵʰu-mo-s
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: χῡμός (khūmós)
*ǵʰu-lo-s
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: χῡλός (khūlós)
*ǵʰew-yó-m
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰawyám
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰawyám
    - Sanskrit: हव्य (havyá)
*ǵʰéw-tlo/eh₂- ~ *ǵʰu-tlo/eh₂-^[3]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰáwtraH (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰu-tlo-
- Proto-Hellenic: *kʰutlon
  - Ancient Greek: χύτλον (khútlon)
*ǵʰéw-tro-m, *ǵʰú-tro-m
- Proto-Hellenic: *kʰútra (pl.)
  - Ancient Greek: χύτρα (khútra)
    - Greek: χύτρα (chýtra)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰáwtram (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰéw-tōr ~ *ǵʰu-tr-és
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰáwtā (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Albanian: *j́ūla
  - Albanian: dyllë
- Proto-Albanian: *guònmi
  - Albanian: gumoj
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: ձեւ (jew) < *ǵʰew-os or *ǵʰew-o-
  - Old Armenian: ձոյլ (joyl) < *ǵʰew-lo-
  - Old Armenian: ձոր (jor) < *ǵʰoworo- < *ǵʰowero-
  - (?) Old Armenian: զուտ (zut) < *ǵʰu-d-o-
  - (?) Old Armenian: ձագար (jagar)
- Proto-Tocharian: *eñcäuwo (possibly) ^[4] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Tocharian: *käutk-^[5] (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “g̑ʰeu̯-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 447-448
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*g̑ʰeu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 179
^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 36, 881
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “eñcuwo”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 84-85
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “kutk-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 194

[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “g̑ʰeu̯-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 447-448

[LIV-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*g̑ʰeu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 179

[3] Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 36, 881

[4] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “eñcuwo”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 84-85

[5] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “kutk-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 194

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