Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hneupaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *knew-, *kenw- (“to scratch, scrape, rub”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxneu̯.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hneupaną[1][2]

  1. to pluck, tear

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hneupō *hneupaų — *hneupai ?
2nd singular *hniupizi *hneupaiz *hneup *hneupazai *hneupaizau
3rd singular *hniupidi *hneupai *hneupadau *hneupadai *hneupaidau
1st dual *hneupōz *hneupaiw — — —
2nd dual *hneupadiz *hneupaidiz *hneupadiz — —
1st plural *hneupamaz *hneupaim — *hneupandai *hneupaindau
2nd plural *hniupid *hneupaid *hniupid *hneupandai *hneupaindau
3rd plural *hneupandi *hneupain *hneupandau *hneupandai *hneupaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hnaup *hnupį̄
2nd singular *hnauft *hnupīz
3rd singular *hnaup *hnupī
1st dual *hnupū *hnupīw
2nd dual *hnupudiz *hnupīdiz
1st plural *hnupum *hnupīm
2nd plural *hnupud *hnupīd
3rd plural *hnupun *hnupīn
present past
participles *hneupandz *hnupanaz

Descendants

  • Old English: *hnēopan (in combination: āhnēopan)
  • Old Norse: *hnjúpa
    • Old Swedish: niupa
  • Gothic: *𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (*hniupan) (in combination: 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (dishniupan))

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hneupan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 235
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xneupanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180
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