Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrōfą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *krāpo-, *ḱrapo- (“roof”), from Proto-Indo-European *krāwə- (“to cover, heap”).

Cognate with Irish cró (“pen, barn, cabin”), Proto-Slavic *stropъ.

Noun

*hrōfą n

roof
Synonym: *hrōtą

Inflection

Declension of *hrōfą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hrōfą	*hrōfō
vocative	*hrōfą	*hrōfō
accusative	*hrōfą	*hrōfō
genitive	hrōfas, hrōfis	*hrōfǫ̂
dative	*hrōfai	*hrōfamaz
instrumental	*hrōfō	*hrōfamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hrōf
- Old English: hrōf
  - Middle English: rof, roof, ruffe
    - English: roof
    - Scots: ruf, ruif
- Old Frisian: hrōf
- Old Saxon: *hrōf
  - Middle Low German: rôf
    - Low German: Roof
      - → German: Roof
- Old Dutch: *ruof
  - Middle Dutch: roef, rouf
    - Dutch: roef
      - → French: rouf
      - → Norwegian: ruff
      - → Swedish: ruff
      - → Danish: ruf
        → Icelandic: rúff
        
        → Faroese: ruff
- Old High German: ruof
Old Norse: hróf
- Icelandic: hróf
- Faroese: rógv (possibly)
- Norwegian:
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: rōv (“collapsed building”) (likely merged with *rubą)
- Old Swedish: rōgh
  - Swedish: ro (dialectal)