Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hraukaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; but apparently cognate with Lithuanian kruvà, krûvà (“pile, heap, stack”), Old Irish crúach (“stack of corn, rick”). Possibly Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to heap up”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxrɑu̯.kɑz/

Noun

*hraukaz m

  1. pile (of stones); heap
    Synonym: *hrūgǭ
  2. haystack

Inflection

Declension of *hraukaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *hraukaz *hraukōz, *hraukōs
vocative *hrauk *hraukōz, *hraukōs
accusative *hrauką *hraukanz
genitive *hraukas, *hraukis *hraukǫ̂
dative *hraukai *hraukamaz
instrumental *hraukō *hraukamiz

Derived terms

  • *hraukilaz
  • *hrugjaz (“back, spine, ridge”)
  • *hrūgǭ (“heap, pile”)
  • *hrukō

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hrauk
  • Old Norse: hraukr
  • →? Proto-Finnic: *roukka (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “krowko”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 226-27
  2. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1513”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1513
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