Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kalmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *kalmǭ

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to be cold, freeze”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑl.mɑz/

Noun

*kalmaz m

  1. coldness, freeze, frost, frozenness

Declension

Declension of *kalmaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *kalmaz *kalmōz, *kalmōs
vocative *kalm *kalmōz, *kalmōs
accusative *kalmą *kalmanz
genitive *kalmas, *kalmis *kalmǫ̂
dative *kalmai *kalmamaz
instrumental *kalmō *kalmamiz

Derived terms

  • *kalmijô

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *kalm, *kalmā
    • Old High German: *chalm
      • ⇒ Old High German: āchalm, āhhalm
    • Lombardic: *chalm, *chalma
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