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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gewlos (“vessel; bowl”), from *gew- (“to bend; bow; vault; arch; curve; buckle”). Possibly related to *keluz, *kūliz, and *kūlǭ. However, see Ancient Greek γαυλός (gaulós).
Pronunciation
Noun
*keulaz m
- ship
- Synonyms: *baitaz, *skipą
Inflection
Declension of *keulaz (masculine a-stem)
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singular
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plural
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| nominative
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*keulaz
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*keulōz, *keulōs
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| vocative
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*keul
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*keulōz, *keulōs
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| accusative
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*keulą
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*keulanz
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| genitive
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*keulas, *kiulis
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*keulǫ̂
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| dative
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*keulai
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*keulamaz
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| instrumental
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*keulō
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*keulamiz
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Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *keul
- Old English: ċēol
- >? Middle English: chiel, kele, keel (“small shipping vessel, lighter”) (possibly borrowed from Middle Dutch; displaced by *keluz (“keel”), via Old Norse)
- Old Frisian: *kiāl, *tziāl
- West Frisian: tjalk, tsjalk
- Old Saxon: kiol
- Middle Low German: kêl, kîl
- German Low German: Kiel (displaced by *keluz (“keel”), via Old Norse)
- Old Dutch: *kiol
- Middle Dutch: kiel
- Dutch: kiel (displaced by *keluz (“keel”), via Old Norse)
- Old High German: kiol, chiol
- Middle High German: kiel
- German: Kiel (obsolete, displaced by *keluz (“keel”), via Old Norse)
- Old Norse: kjóll
- → Proto-Finnic: *këula