Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skipą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    Uncertain etymology.

    One theory derives it from Proto-Indo-European *skēi-b-, *ski-b-, which would be an extension of *skey- (“to cut”). Compare Lithuanian skiẽbti (“to rip up”), Latvian škibît (“to cut, lop”).[1] A relation to Proto-Germanic *skapjaną (“to create, shape”) has been considered related as well, but the phonetics pose difficulties. The original meaning inherited from Proto-Indo-European was likely “hollowed tree”, and all daughter languages agree in the meaning “ship”, thus the specified meaning “ship” is assumed for Proto-Germanic; however the Old High German word also had the meaning “hollow object” and described various vessels and containers, so the Proto-Germanic word could also have been used in a more generic fashion. Moreover, one meaning does not have to exclude the other by rule. Compare the development of Old Norse skeið (“sheath; spoon; ship”), also from an extension of *skey-; cf. also unrelated Latin vās (“hollow object”), source of French vaisseau (“vessel”).

    Kroonen instead claims that this word would rather be a loanword from Latin scyphus (“drinking vessel”).[2]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈski.pɑ̃/

    Noun

    *skipą n

    1. ship
      Synonyms: *baitaz, *keulaz
    2. (possibly) any hollow or concave manmade object
    3. (West Germanic) vessel, tub

    Inflection

    Declension of *skipą (neuter a-stem)
    singular plural
    nominative *skipą *skipō
    vocative *skipą *skipō
    accusative *skipą *skipō
    genitive *skipas, *skipis *skipǫ̂
    dative *skipai *skipamaz
    instrumental *skipō *skipamiz

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skipan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 340-1
    2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*skipa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 446
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