Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kinkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gang-, *ganǵ- (to mock, insult). Cognate with Sanskrit गञ्ज (gañja, disrespect).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkin.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kinkōną

  1. to laugh loudly, kink

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kinkō *kinkǭ *kinkōi ?
2nd singular *kinkōsi *kinkōs *kinkō *kinkōsai *kinkōsau
3rd singular *kinkōþi *kinkō *kinkōþau *kinkōþai *kinkōþau
1st dual *kinkōs *kinkōw
2nd dual *kinkōþiz *kinkōþiz *kinkōþiz
1st plural *kinkōmaz *kinkōm *kinkōnþai *kinkōnþau
2nd plural *kinkōþ *kinkōþ *kinkōþ *kinkōnþai *kinkōnþau
3rd plural *kinkōnþi *kinkōn *kinkōnþau *kinkōnþai *kinkōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kinkōdǭ *kinkōdēdį̄
2nd singular *kinkōdēz *kinkōdēdīz
3rd singular *kinkōdē *kinkōdēdī
1st dual *kinkōdēdū *kinkōdēdīw
2nd dual *kinkōdēdudiz *kinkōdēdīdiz
1st plural *kinkōdēdum *kinkōdēdīm
2nd plural *kinkōdēdud *kinkōdēdīd
3rd plural *kinkōdēdun *kinkōdēdīn
present past
participles *kinkōndz *kinkōdaz

Descendants

  • Old English: *cincian (attested in cincung); *cenċan
  • Old Frisian: *kinkja
  • Old Saxon: *kinkōn
  • Old Dutch: *kinkon