Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leusaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lewHs-, from *lewh₁- (“to cut, sever, separate, loosen, lose”). Outside of Germanic, related to Hittite [script needed] (lūri-, “loss of honor, disgrace”), Tocharian A lāwā- (“to send”), Sanskrit लून (lūna, “to sever, cut forth, destroy, annihilate”), Ancient Greek λύω (lúō, “to loosen, liberate”), Latin luō (“to expiate, pay”), Old Irish asloí (“to escape”),[1] and possibly Old Armenian լուծանեմ (lucanem) and Albanian lirë.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈleu̯.sɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*leusaną[1][2]

  1. to lose, to cease to have

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *leusō *leusaų — *leusai ?
2nd singular *liusizi *leusaiz *leus *leusazai *leusaizau
3rd singular *liusidi *leusai *leusadau *leusadai *leusaidau
1st dual *leusōz *leusaiw — — —
2nd dual *leusadiz *leusaidiz *leusadiz — —
1st plural *leusamaz *leusaim — *leusandai *leusaindau
2nd plural *liusid *leusaid *liusid *leusandai *leusaindau
3rd plural *leusandi *leusain *leusandau *leusandai *leusaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *laus *luzį̄
2nd singular *laust *luzīz
3rd singular *laus *luzī
1st dual *luzū *luzīw
2nd dual *luzudiz *luzīdiz
1st plural *luzum *luzīm
2nd plural *luzud *luzīd
3rd plural *luzun *luzīn
present past
participles *leusandz *luzanaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *leusan
    • Old English: *lēosan
    • Old Frisian: liāsa
    • Old Saxon: *liosan
    • Old High German: *liosan
  • Gothic: *𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽 (*liusan) (in derivatives)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*leusan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 334
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*leusanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 243
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