Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lewh₁-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lewh₃- and Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lewH-
This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

    *lewh₁-[1]

    1. to cut off, release

    Alternative reconstructions

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewh₁- (10 c, 0 e)
    • *léwh₁-t ~ *luh₁-ént (root aorist)[2]
      • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Proto-Italic:
      • Proto-Tocharian:
        • Tocharian A: lyu
        • Tocharian B: lyuwa
    • *lu-né-h₁-ti ~ *lu-n-h₁-énti (nasal-infix present)[2]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
        • Proto-Slavic:
          • Russian: лу́нуть (lúnutʹ)[4]
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *lunáHti
        • Sanskrit: लु॒नाति॑ (lunā́ti) (see there for further descendants)
          • ⇒ Sanskrit: लुनोति (lunoti)
    • *luh₁-é-ti (tudati-type thematic root present)[2] (possibly secondary to the root aorist[5])
      • Proto-Celtic: *luweti
      • Proto-Hellenic:
        • Ancient Greek: λύω (lúō) (originally with short ύ (ú))
      • Proto-Italic: *luwō[5]
        • Latin: luō (“let go, set free”)
    • *léwh₁-s-ti, *luh₁-s-énti (desiderative)[2]
      • Proto-Germanic: *leusaną (see there for further descendants)
    • *luh₁-nó-s
      • Proto-Germanic: *lunaz (“ransom”) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *luHnás
        • Sanskrit: लू॒न (lūná)
    Unsorted formations
    • Proto-Anatolian:
      • Hittite: [script needed] ((GIŠ)lūēššar ~ lūēšn-, “shaving of incense-wood”)[6]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
      • Sanskrit: ल॒वित्र॑ (lavítra, “sickle”)
    • Proto-Germanic: *lewô (“scythe”)
    • >? Old Irish: loittid[7]
    • Old Irish: lón
    • >? Proto-Slavic: *ľutъ
    • >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lā́ˀwāˀ

    Descendants

    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *lawH-
      • Proto-Iranian: *rawH-[8]
      • Sanskrit: लू (lū)

    References

    1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*leusan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 334
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 417
    3. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λύω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 881-2
    4. ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2024) Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²‎[2]
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “luō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 353
    6. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 530
    7. ^ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “lot”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎[3], Stirling, →ISBN
    8. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*rauH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 317-318

    Further reading

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