Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/murþrijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *murþrą (“murder”) +‎ *-janą.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmur.θri.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*murþrijaną

  1. to murder

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *murþrijō *murþrijaų — *murþrijai ?
2nd singular *murþrīsi *murþrijais *murþrī *murþrijasai *murþrijaisau
3rd singular *murþrīþi *murþrijai *murþrijaþau *murþrijaþai *murþrijaiþau
1st dual *murþrijōs *murþrijaiw — — —
2nd dual *murþrijaþiz *murþrijaiþiz *murþrijaþiz — —
1st plural *murþrijamaz *murþrijaim — *murþrijanþai *murþrijainþau
2nd plural *murþrīþ *murþrijaiþ *murþrīþ *murþrijanþai *murþrijainþau
3rd plural *murþrijanþi *murþrijain *murþrijanþau *murþrijanþai *murþrijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *murþridǭ *murþridēdį̄
2nd singular *murþridēz *murþridēdīz
3rd singular *murþridē *murþridēdī
1st dual *murþridēdū *murþridēdīw
2nd dual *murþridēdudiz *murþridēdīdiz
1st plural *murþridēdum *murþridēdīm
2nd plural *murþridēdud *murþridēdīd
3rd plural *murþridēdun *murþridēdīn
present past
participles *murþrijandz *murþridaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *murþrijan
    • Old English: myrþran
    • Old High German: murdiren, murdren
      • Middle High German: mürdern, murderen, murderōn, morderen, morderōn, murdern, murderen
        • German: mördern
    • → Old French: mordrir, mourdrir, meurdrir, meurtrir
  • Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (maurþrjan)

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*murþrjanan ~ *murþrōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 277
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