Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rīrāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Seemingly from the same reduplicated Proto-Indo-European *Hrey-Hroy-e- as Sanskrit लेलायति (lelāyáti, “to quiver, tremble”), from *Hrey-. Further compare Latvian raize (“worry, concern”), rieva (“wrinkle”).

Verb

*rīrāną[1](East Germanic)

  1. to tremble

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *rīrō ? — ? ?
2nd singular *rīraisi ? *rīrai *rīrāsai ?
3rd singular *rīraiþi ? *rīrāþau *rīrāþai ?
1st dual *rīrōs ? — — —
2nd dual *rīrāþiz ? *rīrāþiz — —
1st plural *rīrāmaz ? — *rīrānþai ?
2nd plural *rīraiþ ? *rīraiþ *rīrānþai ?
3rd plural *rīrānþi ? *rīrānþau *rīrānþai ?
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *rīradǭ *rīradēdį̄
2nd singular *rīradēz *rīradēdīz
3rd singular *rīradē *rīradēdī
1st dual *rīradēdū *rīradēdīw
2nd dual *rīradēdudiz *rīradēdīdiz
1st plural *rīradēdum *rīradēdīm
2nd plural *rīradēdud *rīradēdīd
3rd plural *rīradēdun *rīradēdīn
present past
participles *rīrāndz *rīradaz

Derived terms

  • *rīrō

Descendants

  • Gothic: 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (reiran)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rīrēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 414
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