Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sīþuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *sīþiz

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *séh₁-i-tu-s or *sh₁-éi-tu-s, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“long, lasting”). Related to Latin sērus (“late, slow”), Old Irish sír (“long, lasting”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsiː.θuz/

Adjective

*sīþuz

  1. late

Inflection

Declension of *sīþuz (u-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *sīþuz *sīþī *sīþų, *-jatō *sīþijai *sīþijôz *sīþijō
accusative *sīþijanǭ *sīþijǭ *sīþų, *-jatō *sīþijanz *sīþijōz *sīþijō
genitive *sīþijas, *sīþīs *sīþijaizōz *sīþijas, *sīþīs *sīþijaizǫ̂ *sīþijaizǫ̂ *sīþijaizǫ̂
dative *sīþijammai *sīþijaizōi *sīþijammai *sīþijaimaz *sīþijaimaz *sīþijaimaz
instrumental *sīþijanō *sīþijaizō *sīþijanō *sīþijaimiz *sīþijaimiz *sīþijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *sīþijô *sīþijǭ *sīþijô *sīþijaniz *sīþijōniz *sīþijōnō
accusative *sīþijanų *sīþijōnų *sīþijô *sīþijanunz *sīþijōnunz *sīþijōnō
genitive *sīþīniz *sīþijōniz *sīþīniz *sīþijanǫ̂ *sīþijōnǫ̂ *sīþijanǫ̂
dative *sīþīni *sīþijōni *sīþīni *sīþijammaz *sīþijōmaz *sīþijammaz
instrumental *sīþīnē *sīþijōnē *sīþīnē *sīþijammiz *sīþijōmiz *sīþijammiz

Descendants

  • Old English: sīþ
    • Middle English: *siþe
    • ⇒ Old English: sīþlīċe
      • Middle English: siþeli, siddele
  • ⇒ Old Frisian: sether
  • Old Saxon: sīth
    • Middle Low German: sît
    • ⇒ Old Saxon: sīthor, sithor
  • Old Dutch: *sīth
    • Middle Dutch: sîde
    • ⇒ Old Dutch: sither
  • Old High German: sīd
  • Old Norse: síðr, síð
  • Gothic: 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (seiþus)
  • → Proto-Finnic: *hidas (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sīþu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 437
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