Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skrīþaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

  • *skrīdaną (Old Frisian and Old High German)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreyt- (“to stride”), which Kroonen assumes may be an extension of a root *(s)krey- (“to go about”) shared with Baltic, the latter whose forms are extended as *(s)kreydʰ-; comparanda include Lithuanian skri̇̀sti (“to rush, run”), skraidùs (“fast”), skriẽti (“to circle, fly in circles”), Latvian skrìedinât (“to drive”), skrìet (“to run, fly”).[1] Whether the root *skrey- is related to *(s)ker- (“to twist, turn, bend”) is uncertain.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈskriː.θɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skrīþaną[1][2]

  1. to walk, glide, crawl

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skrīþō *skrīþaų — *skrīþai ?
2nd singular *skrīþizi *skrīþaiz *skrīþ *skrīþazai *skrīþaizau
3rd singular *skrīþidi *skrīþai *skrīþadau *skrīþadai *skrīþaidau
1st dual *skrīþōz *skrīþaiw — — —
2nd dual *skrīþadiz *skrīþaidiz *skrīþadiz — —
1st plural *skrīþamaz *skrīþaim — *skrīþandai *skrīþaindau
2nd plural *skrīþid *skrīþaid *skrīþid *skrīþandai *skrīþaindau
3rd plural *skrīþandi *skrīþain *skrīþandau *skrīþandai *skrīþaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skraiþ *skridį̄
2nd singular *skraist *skridīz
3rd singular *skraiþ *skridī
1st dual *skridū *skridīw
2nd dual *skridudiz *skridīdiz
1st plural *skridum *skridīm
2nd plural *skridud *skridīd
3rd plural *skridun *skridīn
present past
participles *skrīþandz *skridanaz
  • *skridaz
  • *skriþiz/*skridiz

Descendants

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*skrīþan-~*skrīdan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 448-449
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skrīdanan~*skrīþanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 344
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