Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skrepaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-b- (“to scratch, to engrave”). The current form with -p- was influenced by the iteratives, the presumed primary form *skrebaną (“to scratch”) is unattested. Related to *skerpaną and *skerbaną (“to scratch”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈskre.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skrepaną[1][2]

  1. to scratch, scrape

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 5)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skrepō *skrepaų — *skrepai ?
2nd singular *skripizi *skrepaiz *skrep *skrepazai *skrepaizau
3rd singular *skripidi *skrepai *skrepadau *skrepadai *skrepaidau
1st dual *skrepōz *skrepaiw — — —
2nd dual *skrepadiz *skrepaidiz *skrepadiz — —
1st plural *skrepamaz *skrepaim — *skrepandai *skrepaindau
2nd plural *skripid *skrepaid *skripid *skrepandai *skrepaindau
3rd plural *skrepandi *skrepain *skrepandau *skrepandai *skrepaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skrap *skrēpį̄
2nd singular *skraft *skrēpīz
3rd singular *skrap *skrēpī
1st dual *skrēpū *skrēpīw
2nd dual *skrēpudiz *skrēpīdiz
1st plural *skrēpum *skrēpīm
2nd plural *skrēpud *skrēpīd
3rd plural *skrēpun *skrēpīn
present past
participles *skrepandz *skrepanaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *skrepan
    • Old English: sċrepan
      • Middle English: screpen, schrepen
    • Old Saxon: *skrepan
      • Middle Low German: schrēpen
    • Old Dutch: *skrepan
      • Middle Dutch: schrēpen
    • Old High German: *skrepfan, *skreffan

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*skerban- ~ *skerpan- ~ *skrepan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 444
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skrepanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 344
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