Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stadigōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *stadagōną
  • *stadugōną

Etymology

From *stadigaz (“firm”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈstɑ.ði.ɣɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*stadigōną[1]

  1. to stop, make stand still
  2. to make firm

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *stadigō *stadigǭ — *stadigōi ?
2nd singular *stadigōsi *stadigōs *stadigō *stadigōsai *stadigōsau
3rd singular *stadigōþi *stadigō *stadigōþau *stadigōþai *stadigōþau
1st dual *stadigōs *stadigōw — — —
2nd dual *stadigōþiz *stadigōþiz *stadigōþiz — —
1st plural *stadigōmaz *stadigōm — *stadigōnþai *stadigōnþau
2nd plural *stadigōþ *stadigōþ *stadigōþ *stadigōnþai *stadigōnþau
3rd plural *stadigōnþi *stadigōn *stadigōnþau *stadigōnþai *stadigōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *stadigōdǭ *stadigōdēdį̄
2nd singular *stadigōdēz *stadigōdēdīz
3rd singular *stadigōdē *stadigōdēdī
1st dual *stadigōdēdū *stadigōdēdīw
2nd dual *stadigōdēdudiz *stadigōdēdīdiz
1st plural *stadigōdēdum *stadigōdēdīm
2nd plural *stadigōdēdud *stadigōdēdīd
3rd plural *stadigōdēdun *stadigōdēdīn
present past
participles *stadigōndz *stadigōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *stadigōn
    • Old English: stediġian
    • Old Frisian: *stedigia
      • ⇒ Old Frisian: bistedigia
    • >? Old Saxon: *stadigōn, stedigōn (could be a descendant from *stādigōn instead)
      • Middle Low German: stādigen, stēdigen
    • >? Old Dutch: *stadigon, *stedigon (could be a descendant from *stādigōn instead)
      • Middle Dutch: stādigen, stēdigen
        • Dutch: stadigen, stedigen (obsolete)
  • Old Norse: *staðga, *steðga

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*stađiʒōjanan ~ *stađuʒōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 368
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