Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/starkuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *storg-o/u-s, an o-grade adjective reconstructed either as an o-stem or u-stem, derived from a root *sterg- (“to harden, be rigid, stiff”), cognate with Lithuanian strė́gti (“to harden, congeal, freeze”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈstɑr.kuz/

Adjective

*starkuz

  1. stiff; rigid
  2. strong

Inflection

Declension of *starkuz (u-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *starkuz *starkī *starkų, *-jatō *starkijai *starkijôz *starkijō
accusative *starkijanǭ *starkijǭ *starkų, *-jatō *starkijanz *starkijōz *starkijō
genitive *starkijas, *starkīs *starkijaizōz *starkijas, *starkīs *starkijaizǫ̂ *starkijaizǫ̂ *starkijaizǫ̂
dative *starkijammai *starkijaizōi *starkijammai *starkijaimaz *starkijaimaz *starkijaimaz
instrumental *starkijanō *starkijaizō *starkijanō *starkijaimiz *starkijaimiz *starkijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *starkijô *starkijǭ *starkijô *starkijaniz *starkijōniz *starkijōnō
accusative *starkijanų *starkijōnų *starkijô *starkijanunz *starkijōnunz *starkijōnō
genitive *starkīniz *starkijōniz *starkīniz *starkijanǫ̂ *starkijōnǫ̂ *starkijanǫ̂
dative *starkīni *starkijōni *starkīni *starkijammaz *starkijōmaz *starkijammaz
instrumental *starkīnē *starkijōnē *starkīnē *starkijammiz *starkijōmiz *starkijammiz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*starka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 474-5
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