Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swōtijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *swōtuz (sweet) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈswɔː.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*swōtijaną

  1. to sweeten

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *swōtijō *swōtijaų *swōtijai ?
2nd singular *swōtīsi *swōtijais *swōtī *swōtijasai *swōtijaisau
3rd singular *swōtīþi *swōtijai *swōtijaþau *swōtijaþai *swōtijaiþau
1st dual *swōtijōs *swōtijaiw
2nd dual *swōtijaþiz *swōtijaiþiz *swōtijaþiz
1st plural *swōtijamaz *swōtijaim *swōtijanþai *swōtijainþau
2nd plural *swōtīþ *swōtijaiþ *swōtīþ *swōtijanþai *swōtijainþau
3rd plural *swōtijanþi *swōtijain *swōtijanþau *swōtijanþai *swōtijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *swōtidǭ *swōtidēdį̄
2nd singular *swōtidēz *swōtidēdīz
3rd singular *swōtidē *swōtidēdī
1st dual *swōtidēdū *swōtidēdīw
2nd dual *swōtidēdudiz *swōtidēdīdiz
1st plural *swōtidēdum *swōtidēdīm
2nd plural *swōtidēdud *swōtidēdīd
3rd plural *swōtidēdun *swōtidēdīn
present past
participles *swōtijandz *swōtidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *swōtijan
    • Old English: swētan
      • Middle English: sweten
        • English: sweet
    • Old Frisian: *swēta
      • Old Frisian: *swētia (changed to a class 2 verb)
        • Saterland Frisian: swäitje
        • West Frisian: swietje, swietsje
    • Old Saxon: *swōtian
      • Middle Low German: sȫten
        • German Low German: söten
    • Old Dutch: *suoten
      • Middle Dutch: soeten
    • Old High German: suozen
  • Old Norse: *sœta, *sǿta

References