Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swarōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *swarō (“oath, vow”) +‎ *-ōną.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈswɑr.ɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*swarōną

To answer; to give a response.

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*swarō	*swarǭ	—	*swarōi	?
2nd singular	*swarōsi	*swarōs	*swarō	*swarōsai	*swarōsau
3rd singular	*swarōþi	*swarō	*swarōþau	*swarōþai	*swarōþau
1st dual	*swarōs	*swarōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*swarōþiz	*swarōþiz	*swarōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*swarōmaz	*swarōm	—	*swarōnþai	*swarōnþau
2nd plural	*swarōþ	*swarōþ	*swarōþ	*swarōnþai	*swarōnþau
3rd plural	*swarōnþi	*swarōn	*swarōnþau	*swarōnþai	*swarōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*swarōdǭ	*swarōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*swarōdēz	*swarōdēdīz
3rd singular	*swarōdē	*swarōdēdī
1st dual	*swarōdēdū	*swarōdēdīw
2nd dual	*swarōdēdudiz	*swarōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*swarōdēdum	*swarōdēdīm
2nd plural	*swarōdēdud	*swarōdēdīd
3rd plural	*swarōdēdun	*swarōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*swarōndz	*swarōdaz

Descendants

Old English: *swarian (attested in andswarian)
- Middle English: swaren
Old Norse: svara
- Icelandic: svara
- Faroese: svara
- Norwegian:
  - Norwegian Bokmål: svare
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: svara, svare
- Swedish: svara
- Danish: svare

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*swar(j)an-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496: “*swarōjan-”

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*swar(j)an-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496: “*swarōjan-”

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