Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swefaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *swep- (“to sleep”).[1] Originally either a zero-grade present, or possibly an aorist-present.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈswe.ɸɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*swefaną[1]

  1. to sleep
    Synonym: *slēpaną

Alternative reconstructions

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 5)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *swefō *swefaų — *swefai ?
2nd singular *swifizi *swefaiz *swef *swefazai *swefaizau
3rd singular *swifidi *swefai *swefadau *swefadai *swefaidau
1st dual *swefōz *swefaiw — — —
2nd dual *swefadiz *swefaidiz *swefadiz — —
1st plural *swefamaz *swefaim — *swefandai *swefaindau
2nd plural *swifid *swefaid *swifid *swefandai *swefaindau
3rd plural *swefandi *swefain *swefandau *swefandai *swefaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *swaf *swēbį̄
2nd singular *swaft *swēbīz
3rd singular *swaf *swēbī
1st dual *swēbū *swēbīw
2nd dual *swēbudiz *swēbīdiz
1st plural *swēbum *swēbīm
2nd plural *swēbud *swēbīd
3rd plural *swēbun *swēbīn
present past
participles *swefandz *swebanaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *swefan
  • Old Norse: sofa

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*swefanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 392-393
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sufan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 489
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