Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/targǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”), or from Proto-Indo-European *dergʰ- (“to catch, grasp”).^[1] Cognate with Lithuanian daržas (“border, halo, enclosure, garden”), Old Church Slavonic подрагъ (podragŭ, “hem, edge, rim”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtɑr.ɣɔ̃ː/

Noun

*targǭ f

edge, rim, border

Inflection

Declension of *targǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*targǭ	*targōniz
vocative	*targǭ	*targōniz
accusative	*targōnų	*targōnunz
genitive	*targōniz	*targōnǫ̂
dative	*targōni	*targōmaz
instrumental	*targōnē	*targōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *targā
- Old English: targe; targa m (< *targô)
  - Middle English: targe, terge; targette, target
    - Scots: targ, targe, tairge; target
    - English: targe; target
- Old Saxon: *targa
  - >? Middle Low German: targe
- Old Dutch: *targa
  - Middle Dutch: targe, taerge
    - Dutch: targe
- → Old French: targue, tarque, targe; *targuette
  - Middle French: targe
    - French: targe
  - → Medieval Latin: targa; tarcheta
    - → Italian: targa; targhetta
    - → Spanish: tarja; tarjeta
    - → Portuguese: tarja
    - → Galician: targa
  - → Middle High German: tartsche
    - → Old Polish: tarcza
      - Polish: tarcza
- Old High German: zarga
  - Middle High German: zarge
    - German: Zarge
Old Norse: targa
- Icelandic: targa

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 510

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 510

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