Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tukkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier paradigm *tukkōþi ~ *tugunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *duk-nā́-ti ~ *duk-un-ánti, iterative to *teuhaną (“to draw, pull”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtuk.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*tukkōną

  1. to tug, pull
  2. to grab, snatch
  3. to grasp, touch

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, *tukk- against *tug-.

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *tukkō *tukkǭ — *tukkōi ?
2nd singular *tukkōsi *tukkōs *tukkō *tukkōsai *tukkōsau
3rd singular *tukkōþi *tukkō *tukkōþau *tukkōþai *tukkōþau
1st dual *tukkōs *tukkōw — — —
2nd dual *tukkōþiz *tukkōþiz *tukkōþiz — —
1st plural *tukkōmaz *tukkōm — *tukkōnþai *tukkōnþau
2nd plural *tukkōþ *tukkōþ *tukkōþ *tukkōnþai *tukkōnþau
3rd plural *tukkōnþi *tukkōn *tukkōnþau *tukkōnþai *tukkōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *tukkōdǭ *tukkōdēdį̄
2nd singular *tukkōdēz *tukkōdēdīz
3rd singular *tukkōdē *tukkōdēdī
1st dual *tukkōdēdū *tukkōdēdīw
2nd dual *tukkōdēdudiz *tukkōdēdīdiz
1st plural *tukkōdēdum *tukkōdēdīm
2nd plural *tukkōdēdud *tukkōdēdīd
3rd plural *tukkōdēdun *tukkōdēdīn
present past
participles *tukkōndz *tukkōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *tukkōn
    • Old English: tucian
      • Middle English: tuken (influenced by Middle Dutch, Middle Low German tucken)
        • English: tuck
        • Scots: tuck
    • Old Frisian: *tukia
      • Saterland Frisian: tukje, tuukje; tokje
      • West Frisian: tûkje; (tûke)
        • ⇒ West Frisian: tûkelje
    • Old Saxon: *tukkōn
    • Old Dutch: *tukkon, *tokkon
      • Middle Dutch: tucken, tocken
      • →? Old High German: tokkōn, tockōn (“to collide”)
    • Old High German: zucchōn, zocchōn
    • →? Vulgar Latin: *tuccō (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Norse: toga

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*tukk/gōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 525
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