Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/turnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nh₂-tór, middle voice of neh₂-present Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-néh₂-ti,[1] from *der- (to tear apart, shatter), whence also *teraną (to tear). Cognate with Sanskrit दृणाति (dṛṇā́ti, to tear).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtur.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*turnaną[2][1]

  1. to tear off
  2. to depart

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 4)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *turnō *turnaų
2nd singular *turnōsi *turnais *turnō
3rd singular *turnōþi *turnai *turnōþau
1st dual *turnōs *turnaiw
2nd dual *turnaþiz *turnaiþiz *turnaþiz
1st plural *turnamaz *turnaim
2nd plural *turnaþ *turnaiþ *turnaþ
3rd plural *turnanþi *turnain *turnanþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *turnōdǭ *turnōdēdį̄
2nd singular *turnōdēz *turnōdēdīz
3rd singular *turnōdē *turnōdēdī
1st dual *turnōdēdū *turnōdēdīw
2nd dual *turnōdēdudiz *turnōdēdīdiz
1st plural *turnōdēdum *turnōdēdīm
2nd plural *turnōdēdud *turnōdēdīd
3rd plural *turnōdēdun *turnōdēdīn
present past
participles *turnandz

Kroonen reconstructs a zero-grade strong verb similar to *spurnaną.[1]

Conjugation of (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *turnō *turnaų *turnai ?
2nd singular *turnizi *turnaiz *turn *turnazai *turnaizau
3rd singular *turnidi *turnai *turnadau *turnadai *turnaidau
1st dual *turnōz *turnaiw
2nd dual *turnadiz *turnaidiz *turnadiz
1st plural *turnamaz *turnaim *turnandai *turnaindau
2nd plural *turnid *turnaid *turnid *turnandai *turnaindau
3rd plural *turnandi *turnain *turnandau *turnandai *turnaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *tarn *turnį̄
2nd singular *tarnt *turnīz
3rd singular *tarn *turnī
1st dual *turnū *turnīw
2nd dual *turnudiz *turnīdiz
1st plural *turnum *turnīm
2nd plural *turnud *turnīd
3rd plural *turnun *turnīn
present past
participles *turnandz *turnanaz

Descendants

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*turnan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 527
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*turnōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 413