Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/uhsô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn (“bull”).[1]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈux.sɔːː/

    Noun

    *uhsô m[1]

    1. ox

    Inflection

    The plural forms preserve the zero-grade forms of the suffix. The dative plural form was apparently taken from the a-stems.

    Declension of *uhsô (masculine an-stem)
    singular plural
    nominative *uhsô *uhsniz
    vocative *uhsô *uhsniz
    accusative *uhsanų *uhsnuz
    genitive *uhsniz *uhsnǫ̂
    dative *uhsni *uhsnamaz
    instrumental *uhsnē *uhsnamiz

    Descendants

    • Proto-West Germanic: *ohsō
      • Old English: oxa
        • Middle English: oxe, hox, nox, occe, ocxe, okse, ox, oxhe, oxse
          • English: ox (see there for further descendants)
          • Scots: ox
      • Old Frisian: oxa
        • North Frisian: Aus, oxse
        • West Frisian: okse
        • Saterland Frisian: Okse
      • Old Saxon: *ohso
        • Middle Low German: osce, ochse, osse
          • German Low German: Osse, Oss
          • Plautdietsch: Oss
      • Old Dutch: osso
        • Middle Dutch: osse
          • Dutch: os
            • Afrikaans: os
            • Negerhollands: os
      • Old High German: ohso
    • Old Norse: oxi, uxi
    • Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰 (auhsa)
    • → Proto-Samic: *vuoksā (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*uhsan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 558
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