Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱwṓ

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From earlier *ḱwón-s. Hamp has suggested derivation from *péḱu^[1] +‎ *-ō.

Noun

*ḱwṓ m

dog

Inflection

Athematic, hysterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*ḱwṓ
genitive	*ḱunés
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ḱwṓ	*ḱwónh₁(e)	*ḱwónes
vocative	*ḱwón	*ḱwónh₁(e)	*ḱwónes
accusative	*ḱwónm̥	*ḱwónh₁(e)	*ḱwónm̥s
genitive	*ḱunés	*?	*ḱunóHom
ablative	*ḱunés	*?	ḱwn̥mós, ḱwn̥bʰós
dative	*ḱunéy	*?	ḱwn̥mós, ḱwn̥bʰós
locative	*ḱwén, ḱwéni	*?	*ḱwn̥sú
instrumental	*ḱunéh₁	*?	ḱwn̥mís, ḱwn̥bʰís

Descendants

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱwṓ

Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒆪𒉿𒀸 (ku-wa-aš /⁠kuwaš⁠/), 𒆪𒉿𒈾𒀭 (ku-wa-na-an /⁠kuwanan⁠/, acc.sg.)
- Luwian:
  Luwian: 𔑬𔗵𔗬(^CANISzú-wa/in(i)-)
- Lydian: -𐤨𐤠𐤫 (kan-)
Armenian:
- Old Armenian: շուն (šun)
  - Armenian: շուն (šun)
- >? Old Armenian: սկունդ (skund) < *ḱwon-t-
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kwṓ (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *kū (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *hundaz (< *ḱun-tós or *ḱwn̥-tós) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: κύων (kúōn)
  - Greek: κύων (kýon)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćwā́ (see there for further descendants)
Italic:
- Latin: canēs, canis (see there for further descendants)
Phrygian: κύνας (kúnas, accusative plural)
Proto-Tocharian: *ku (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Hamp, Eric (1980) Indogermanische Forschungen, volume 85, pages 35–42

[1] Hamp, Eric (1980) Indogermanische Forschungen, volume 85, pages 35–42

[1]