Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćwā́

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). In late Proto-Indo-Iranian, *kútas displaces this inherited word, with reflexes such as Prakrit 𑀓𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (kutta) and Proto-Iranian *kútah.

Noun

*ćwā́ m

  1. dog

Inflection

consonant stem
singular dual plural
nominative *ćwā́ *ćwā́nā(w) *ćwā́nas
vocative *ćwán *ćwā́nā(w) *ćwā́nas
accusative *ćwā́nam *ćwā́nā(w) *ćunás
instrumental *ćunáH *ćwabʰyā́(m) *ćwabʰíš
ablative *ćunás *ćwabʰyā́(m) *ćwabʰyáH
dative *ćunáy *ćwabʰyā́(m) *ćwabʰyáH
genitive *ćunás *ćwaHā́s *ćunáHam
locative *ćwáni *ćwaHáw *ćwasú

Descendants

  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śwā́
    • Sanskrit: श्वन् (śván) (see there for further descendants)
    • Middle Indo-Aryan: *śuvāṇa
      • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡 (suvāṇa)
        • Old Marathi: सुणें n (suṇeṃ), सुणा m (suṇā), सुणी f (suṇī)
        • Konkani: सुणो (suṇo)
      • Magadhi Prakrit:
        • Bengali: শ্বাপদ (śapod)
  • Proto-Iranian: *cwā́ (see there for further descendants)
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