Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(H)n̥dʰér

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

From *(H)n̥dʰí (“under, below”) +‎ *-ér, *-éri (innovative locative suffix) (compare the suffix in *h₂éyeri).

Adverb

*(H)n̥dʰér, *(H)n̥dʰéri[5]

  1. under, below

Derived terms

  • *(H)n̥dʰér-o-s (“lower”)[3][6]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(H)adʰáras (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *enðeros[3][7] (see there for further descendants)
  • *(H)n̥dʰér-no-s[8]

Descendants

  • Proto-Germanic: *under (conflated with *h₁entér (“between”)) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(H)adʰári
    • Proto-Iranian: *(H)adári (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 46
  2. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 81
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “n̥dhos, n̥dheri 'unter', n̥dhero- 'der untere'”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 49
  4. ^ Klingenschmitt, Gert (2005) M. Janda, R. Lühr, J. Matzinger, S. Schaffner, editors, Aufsätze zur Indogermanistik (Philologia. Sprachwissenschaftliche Forschungsergebnisse; 71), Hamburg: Verlag Dr. Kovač, page 392
  5. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*under-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 559: “*(H)ndʰ-er-”
  6. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 59
  7. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “īnferus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 304
  8. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 1: Einleitung, Terminologie, Lautgesetze, Adverbialendungen, Nominalsuffixe, Anhänge und Indices, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 153: “*n̥dʰer-no-”
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